Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF)-1alpha Research literatures
نویسندگان
چکیده
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), also known as lipoglycans and endotoxin, are large molecules consisting of a lipid and a polysaccharide composed of O-antigen, outer core and inner core joined by a covalent bond. LPS is found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, and elicit strong immune responses in animals. Hypoxiainducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors that respond to changes in available oxygen in the cellular environment to decreases in oxygen, or hypoxia. The HIF signaling cascade mediates the effects of hypoxia in the cells. Hypoxia keeps cells from differentiating, but it promotes the formation of blood vessels and is important for the formation of a vascular system in embryos and cancer tumors. This article introduces recent research reports as references in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha related studies. [Ma H, Young M, Yang Y. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF)-1alpha Research literatures. Rep Opinion 2015;7(6):93-112]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 15
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Hypoxic gene activation by lipopolysaccharide in macrophages: implication of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha.
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) regulates many genes induced by low oxygen conditions. The expression of important hypoxic genes such as glucose transporter 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor are increased in macrophages during wound healing and in the presence of the endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Recent studies have demonstrated that nonhypoxic stimuli can also activate HIF-1 i...
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